Kuyisici samakhemikhali esinophawu lwamakhemikhali u-Ni kanye nenombolo ye-athomu engu-28. Kuyinsimbi emhlophe ecwebezelayo enegolide elimhlophe njengesiliva. I-Nickel iyinsimbi yokuguquka, eqinile futhi ethambile. Umsebenzi wamakhemikhali we-nickel emsulwa uphakeme kakhulu, futhi lo msebenzi ungabonakala esimweni sempuphu lapho indawo yobuso esabelayo ikhuliswa khona, kodwa insimbi enkulu ye-nickel isabela kancane nomoya ozungezile ngoba ungqimba lwe-oxide evikelayo selwenziwe phezu kwezinto. Noma kunjalo, ngenxa yomsebenzi omkhulu ngokwanele phakathi kwe-nickel nomoya-mpilo, kusenzima ukuthola i-nickel yemvelo yensimbi ebusweni bomhlaba. I-nickel yemvelo ebusweni bomhlaba ivalelwe kuma-meteorite amakhulu e-nickel-iron, ngoba ama-meteorite awakwazi ukufinyelela umoya-mpilo uma esemkhathini. EMhlabeni, le nickel yemvelo ihlala ihlanganiswa nensimbi, okubonisa ukuthi iyimikhiqizo eyinhloko ye-supernova nucleosynthesis. Ngokuvamile kukholelwa ukuthi umongo womhlaba wakhiwe ingxube ye-nickel-iron.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nickel (i-alloy yemvelo ye-nickel-iron) kwaqala emuva ngo-3500 BC. U-Axel Frederick Kronstedt waba ngowokuqala ukuhlukanisa i-nickel futhi wayichaza njengento yamakhemikhali ngo-1751, yize ekuqaleni wacabanga ukuthi i-nickel ore iyiminerali yethusi. Igama langaphandle le-nickel livela ku-goblin engcolile enegama elifanayo enganekwaneni yabavukuzi baseJalimane (i-Nickel, efana nesidlaliso esithi "Old Nick" sedeveli ngesiNgisi). . Umthombo ongabizi kakhulu we-nickel yi-iron ore limonite, ngokuvamile equkethe i-nickel engu-1-2%. Amanye amaminerali abalulekile e-nickel afaka i-pentlandite ne-pentlandite. Abakhiqizi abakhulu be-nickel bafaka isifunda saseSoderbury eCanada (okukholelwa ukuthi ngokuvamile siyi-meteorite impact crater), iNew Caledonia ePacific Ocean, kanye neNorilsk eRussia.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-nickel incibilika kancane ekushiseni kwegumbi, ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengemelana nokugqwala. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-nickel ibilokhu isetshenziswa ukubopha izindawo ezahlukahlukene, njengezinsimbi (njengensimbi nethusi), ingaphakathi lamadivayisi amakhemikhali, kanye nezinsimbi ezithile ezidinga ukugcina isiphetho sesiliva esicwebezelayo (njengesiliva le-nickel). Cishe u-6% wokukhiqizwa kwe-nickel emhlabeni usasetshenziswa ekubumbeni i-nickel emsulwa engagqwali. I-nickel yake yaba yingxenye evamile yezinhlamvu zemali, kodwa lokhu kuye kwathathelwa indawo kakhulu yinsimbi eshibhile, ikakhulukazi ngoba abanye abantu bane-allergies yesikhumba ku-nickel. Naphezu kwalokhu, iBrithani yaqala ukwenza izinhlamvu zemali ku-nickel futhi ngo-2012, ngaphezu kokuphikisa kodokotela besikhumba.
I-Nickel ingenye yezinto ezine kuphela ezi-ferromagnetic ekamelweni lokushisa. Ama-magnet ahlala njalo e-alnico aqukethe i-nickel anamandla kazibuthe phakathi kwalawo ama-magnet ahlala njalo aqukethe insimbi kanye nama-magnets omhlaba angavamile. Isimo se-nickel ezweni lanamuhla sibangelwa kakhulu ama-alloy ayo ahlukahlukene. Cishe u-60% wokukhiqizwa kwe-nickel emhlabeni usetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izinsimbi ezahlukene ze-nickel (ikakhulukazi insimbi engagqwali). Amanye ama-alloy avamile, kanye nama-superalloy amasha, abangela cishe konke ukusetshenziswa kwe-nickel okusele emhlabeni. Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ukwenza ama-compounds kuhlanganisa ngaphansi kwamaphesenti amathathu okukhiqizwa kwe-nickel. Njenge-compound, i-nickel inezindlela eziningana ezithile zokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali, isibonelo njengesikhuthazo sokusabela kwe-hydrogenation. Ama-enzyme ezinto ezincane nezimila ezithile asebenzisa i-nickel njengendawo esebenzayo, ngakho-ke i-nickel iyisakhi esibalulekile kubo. [1]