Yinto yamakhemikhali enophawu lwamakhemikhali uphawu lwe-NI ne-Atomic Inombolo 28 I-nickel yinsimbi yenguquko, kanzima futhi i-ructile. Umsebenzi wamakhemikhali we-nickel emsulwa uphakeme impela, futhi lo msebenzi ungabonakala esimweni sempuphu lapho indawo esebenzayo yendawo yandiswa khona, kepha insimbi ye-nulk nickel isanda kancane ngomoya ozungezile ngoba ungqimba lwe-oxide oluzungezile lwakhiwe phezu komhlaba. izinto. Noma kunjalo, ngenxa yomsebenzi ongeziwe ongenele phakathi kwe-nickel nomoya-mpilo, kusenzima ukuthola i-nickel ye-metallic yemvelo ebusweni bomhlaba. I-nickel yemvelo ebusweni bomhlaba ifakwe ku-meteorites amakhulu we-nickel-iron, ngoba ama-meteorites awakwazi ukufinyelela umoya-mpilo lapho esemkhathini. Emhlabeni, le nickel yemvelo ihlala ihlanganiswa nensimbi, ibonakalisa ukuthi yimikhiqizo yokuphela eyinhloko yeSupernova nucleosynthesis. Ngokuvamile kuzwakala ukuthi umnyombo womhlaba wakhiwa ngenhlanganisela ye-nickel-iron.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nickel (i-nickel ye-nickel-iron alloy) izinsuku zibuyele ku-3500 BC. U-Axel Frederick Kronstedt wayengowokuqala ukuhlukanisa i-nickel futhi achaze njengento yamakhemikhali ngo-1751, yize ekuqaleni wabukisa kabi i-nickel ore amaminerali amaminerali. Igama langaphandle le-nickel livela eGoblin elingenacala legama elifanayo enganeni yabavukuzi baseJalimane (i-nickel, elifana negama lesidlaliso elithi "Old Nick" ngoDeveli ngesiNgisi). . Umthombo wezomnotho kakhulu we-nickel yi-Iron Ore Limonite, okuvame ukuqukethe i-1-2% nickel. Amanye amaminerali abalulekile we-nickel afaka i-pentalandite ne-pentalland. Abakhiqizi abakhulu be-nickel bahlanganisa isifunda saseSoderbury eCanada (okuthiwa ngokuvamile kukholelwa ukuthi yi-Meteorite Impact Crater), New Caledonia oLwandle iPacific, naseNorilsk eRussia.
Ngoba u-Nickel oxidizes kancane emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni, ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengokumelana nokukhulisa. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-nickel isetshenziselwa ngokomlando ukuhlela izindawo ezahlukahlukene, njengezinsimbi (njengensimbi kanye ne-aleoys) Cishe ama-6% okukhiqizwa kwe-nickel emhlabeni asasetshenziselwa ukugcwala kwe-nickel evikelekile ekuphikisweni. I-nickel yake yaba yingxenye evamile yezinhlamvu zemali, kepha lokhu kuye kwathathelwa indawo yinsimbi eshibhile, hhayi okuncane ngoba abanye abantu banama-allergies esikhunjeni. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, iBrithani yaqala ukuhlanganisa izinhlamvu zemali nge-nickel futhi ngonyaka ka-2012, ngaphezulu kweziphikiso zezinkambi.
I-nickel ingenye yezinto ezine kuphela ezingama-ferromagnetic zokushisa zasekamelweni. Ama-alnico-aqukethe ama-alnico ahlala unomphela anamandla kazibuthe phakathi kwe-iron - equkethe izipiki zaphakade ezinaphakade kanye nomhlaba ongavamile womhlaba. Isimo sikaNickel ezweni sanamuhla sibangelwa yi-alloys yaso ehlukahlukene. Cishe ama-60% okukhiqizwa kwe-nickel emhlabeni kusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-nickel ensimbi (insimbi engagqwali). Amanye ama-alloys ajwayelekile, kanye nama-superlloys amasha, i-akhawunti cishe yonke ukusetshenziswa kwe-nickel ye-nickel esele esele. Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ukwenza ama-compound a accound isikhathi esingaphansi kwamaphesenti amathathu okukhiqizwa kwe-nickel. Njenge-compound, i-nickel inokusetshenziswa okuningana kokukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali, ngokwesibonelo njenge-catalyst yokuphendula kwe-hydrogenation. Ama-enzyme ama-microorganisms athile nezitshalo asebenzisa i-nickel njengendawo esebenzayo, ngakho-ke i-nickel iyizakhi ezibalulekile kubo. [1]