I-Nicr Esekelwe Kuthusi EyindilingaIngxubevange 180Intambo Yethusi Efakwe Ukushisa Yekilasi Eline-Enameled

1. Incazelo Ejwayelekile Yezinto Ezibalulekile

1)

I-Manganiniyi-alloy evame ukuba ngu-84% wethusi, u-12% we-manganese, kanye no-4% we-nickel.

Intambo ye-manganin kanye ne-foil kusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwama-resistor, ikakhulukazi i-ammeter shunt, ngenxa yokumelana kwayo nokushisa okucishe kube yi-zero kanye nokuqina kwesikhathi eside. Ama-resistor amaningana e-manganin asebenze njengendinganiso esemthethweni ye-ohm e-United States kusukela ngo-1901 kuya ku-1990. Intambo ye-manganin isetshenziswa futhi njengomqhubi kagesi ezinhlelweni ze-cryogenic, inciphisa ukudluliselwa kokushisa phakathi kwamaphuzu adinga ukuxhumana kukagesi.

I-Manganin isetshenziswa futhi kuma-gauge okuhlola amagagasi okushaqeka okuphezulu (njengalawo akhiqizwa ukuqhuma kweziqhumane) ngoba inokuzwela okuphansi kokucindezeleka kodwa ukuzwela okuphezulu kokucindezeleka kwe-hydrostatic.

2)

I-Constantaniyi-alloy yethusi-nickel eyaziwa nangokuthiI-Eureka, Ngaphambi kwesikhathi, futhiIsikebheNgokuvamile iqukethe ithusi elingu-55% kanye ne-nickel engu-45%. Isici sayo esiyinhloko ukumelana kwayo, okungaguquguquki emazingeni okushisa ahlukahlukene. Amanye ama-alloy ane-coefficients yokushisa ephansi efanayo ayaziwa, njenge-manganin (Cu).₈₆Mn₁₂Ni₂).

Ukuze kulinganiswe izinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu, okungu-5% (50 000 microstrian) noma ngaphezulu, i-annealed constantan (i-P alloy) iyinto yegridi evame ukukhethwa. I-Constantan kulolu hlobo ithambile kakhulu; futhi, ngobude be-gauge obungu-0.125 inches (3.2 mm) nangaphezulu, ingacindezelwa ibe >20%. Nokho, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngaphansi kwezinhlobo eziphezulu ze-cyclic i-P alloy izobonisa ushintsho oluthile lokumelana unomphela ngomjikelezo ngamunye, futhi ibangele ukushintsha kwe-zero okuhambisanayo ku-strain gauge. Ngenxa yalesi sici, kanye nokuthambekela kokwehluleka kwegridi ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngokucindezela okuphindaphindiwe, i-P alloy ayinconywa ngokuvamile ekusetshenzisweni kwe-cyclic strain. I-P alloy iyatholakala ngezinombolo ze-STC ezingu-08 no-40 ukuze zisetshenziswe ezinsimbini nasepulasitikini, ngokulandelana.

2. Isingeniso kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Enamel Wire

Nakuba ichazwa ngokuthi “i-enameled”, intambo ene-enameled empeleni ayimboziwe ngesendlalelo sopende we-enamel noma nge-enamel ye-vitreous eyenziwe nge-fused glass powder. Intambo yesimanje yemagnet ngokuvamile isebenzisa isendlalelo esisodwa kuya kwezine (esimweni sentambo yohlobo lwe-quad-film) ye-polymer film insulation, evame ukuba nezingxenye ezimbili ezihlukene, ukuze inikeze isendlalelo esiqinile nesiqhubekayo sokuvikela. Amafilimu okuvikela intambo ene-magnet asebenzisa (ngokulandelana kokuphakama kwezinga lokushisa) i-polyvinyl formal (Formar), i-polyurethane, i-polyimide, i-polyamide, i-polyamide, i-polyster, i-polyester-polyimide, i-polyamide-polyimide (noma i-amide-imide), kanye ne-polyimide. Intambo yemagnet evikela i-polyimide iyakwazi ukusebenza kufika ku-250 °C. Ukuvikela intambo yemagnet eyisikwele noma engunxande ejiyile kuvame ukwandiswa ngokuyisonga nge-polyimide noma i-fiberglass tape enokushisa okuphezulu, futhi ama-winding aqediwe avame ukufakwa nge-vacuum nge-varnish evikelayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla okuvikela kanye nokuthembeka kwesikhathi eside kwe-winding.

Amakhoyili azisekelayo aboshwe ngocingo olumbozwe okungenani ngezingqimba ezimbili, ingxenye engaphandle iyi-thermoplastic ebopha amajika ndawonye lapho eshiswa.

Ezinye izinhlobo zokuvikela ukushisa ezifana nentambo ye-fiberglass ene-varnish, iphepha le-aramid, iphepha le-kraft, i-mica, kanye nefilimu ye-polyester nazo zisetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni wonke ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene njenge-transformers kanye nama-reactor. Emkhakheni womsindo, ucingo lwesiliva olwakhiwe, kanye nezinye izinto zokuvikela ukushisa ezahlukahlukene, njengokotini (ngezinye izikhathi olugcwele uhlobo oluthile lwe-coagulating agent/thickener, njenge-beewax) kanye ne-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) kungatholakala. Izinto zokuvikela ukushisa ezindala zazihlanganisa ukotini, iphepha, noma usilika, kodwa lezi ziwusizo kuphela ekusetshenzisweni kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi (kufika ku-105°C).

Ukuze kube lula ukukhiqiza, ucingo oluthile olusebenzisa amandla kagesi olusezingeni eliphansi lune-insulation engasuswa ngokushisa kwe-soldering. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuxhumeka kukagesi emaphethelweni kungenziwa ngaphandle kokususa i-insulation kuqala.

3. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali kanye Nempahla Eyinhloko Ye-Cu-Ni Low Resistance Alloy